Kev Taw Qhia

Cov tshuaj lom neeg uas yaj tau yooj yim (VOCs) raug tso tawm ua pa roj los ntawm qee yam khoom khov lossis kua. VOCs muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, qee qhov yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv luv luv thiab ntev. Qhov concentration ntawm ntau VOCs yog siab dua hauv tsev (txog li kaum npaug) dua li sab nraum zoov. VOCs raug tso tawm los ntawm ntau yam khoom uas muaj ntau txhiab yam.

Cov tshuaj organic siv dav ua cov khoom xyaw hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov xim pleev, cov xim pleev, thiab cov quav ciab muaj cov organic solvents, ib yam li ntau yam kev ntxuav, kev tua kab mob, kev pleev kom zoo nkauj, kev tshem roj thiab cov khoom siv ua si. Cov roj yog ua los ntawm cov tshuaj organic. Tag nrho cov khoom no tuaj yeem tso tawm cov organic compounds thaum koj siv lawv, thiab, qee qhov, thaum lawv khaws cia.

EPA Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho "Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ntsuas Kev Raug Mob Tag Nrho (TEAM)" (Ntim I txog IV, ua tiav xyoo 1985) pom tias muaj li ntawm kaum ob yam khoom ua pa phem uas feem ntau pom hauv tsev ntau dua li sab nraud 2 txog 5 npaug, tsis hais seb cov tsev nyob hauv thaj chaw nyob deb nroog lossis thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam ntau. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm TEAM qhia tau tias thaum tib neeg siv cov khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tus kheej thiab lwm tus raug cov khoom ua pa phem ntau heev, thiab cov khoom ua pa phem ntau tuaj yeem nyob hauv huab cua ntev tom qab ua tiav qhov kev ua ub no.

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Cov chaw ntawm VOCs

Cov khoom siv hauv tsev, suav nrog:

• cov xim, cov tshuaj pleev xim thiab lwm cov kuab tshuaj
• cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntoo
• cov tshuaj tsuag aerosol
• cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob
• tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tsw qab rau huab cua
• roj khaws cia thiab cov khoom lag luam tsheb
• cov khoom siv ua si
• khaub ncaws qhuav
• tshuaj tua kab

Lwm cov khoom, suav nrog:

• cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv tsev thiab cov rooj tog
• cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm xws li cov tshuab luam ntawv thiab cov tshuab luam ntawv, cov kua kho thiab cov ntawv luam tsis muaj carbon
• cov duab kos thiab cov khoom siv tes ua suav nrog cov kua nplaum thiab cov nplaum, cov cim cim tas mus li thiab cov kev daws teeb meem duab.

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Cov Teeb Meem Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv

Tej yam cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv yuav muaj xws li:

• Qhov muag, qhov ntswg thiab caj pas khaus
• Mob taub hau, poob kev sib koom tes thiab xeev siab
• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub siab, lub raum thiab lub paj hlwb nruab nrab
• Qee cov organic tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov tsiaj, qee qhov raug xav tias lossis paub tias ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv tib neeg.

Cov cim tseem ceeb lossis cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog kev raug VOCs suav nrog:

• kev khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij
• qhov ntswg thiab caj pas tsis xis nyob
• mob taub hau
• kev ua xua rau daim tawv nqaij
• ua tsis taus pa
• kev txo qis hauv cov theem cholinesterase hauv cov ntshav
• xeev siab
• kev mob plab
• epistaxis
• qaug zog
• kiv taub hau

Lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg organic los ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv sib txawv heev, los ntawm cov uas muaj tshuaj lom heev, mus rau cov uas tsis paub tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj lom, qhov dav thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv yuav nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li qib kev raug thiab lub sijhawm ntev npaum li cas. Ntawm cov tsos mob tam sim ntawd uas qee tus neeg tau ntsib sai sai tom qab raug qee yam organic suav nrog:

• Kev khaus ntawm qhov muag thiab txoj hlab pa
• mob taub hau
• kiv taub hau
• kev pom kev tsis zoo thiab kev nco tsis zoo

Tam sim no, tsis muaj ntau yam paub txog cov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv tshwm sim los ntawm cov organic uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv tsev.

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Cov Qib Hauv Tsev

Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov theem ntawm ntau yam organic feem ntau siab dua 2 txog 5 npaug hauv tsev dua li sab nraum zoov. Thaum lub sijhawm thiab ob peb teev tom qab ua qee yam dej num, xws li tshem xim, cov theem yuav yog 1,000 npaug ntawm cov theem sab nraum zoov.

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Cov Kauj Ruam Los Txo Kev Raug Mob

• Ua kom muaj cua nkag ntau dua thaum siv cov khoom uas tso tawm VOCs.
• Ua tau raws li lossis ua dhau txhua qhov kev ceev faj ntawm daim ntawv lo.
• Tsis txhob khaws cov thawv uas tau qhib lawm uas muaj cov xim tsis tau siv thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
• Formaldehyde, yog ib qho ntawm cov VOCs paub zoo tshaj plaws, yog ib qho ntawm ob peb yam pa phem hauv tsev uas tuaj yeem ntsuas tau yooj yim.
  • Txheeb xyuas, thiab yog tias ua tau, tshem tawm qhov chaw.
  • Yog tias tshem tsis tau, txo qhov kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj sealant rau txhua qhov chaw uas raug nthuav tawm ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag thiab lwm yam rooj tog.
• Siv cov txheej txheem tswj kab tsuag kom txo qhov xav tau tshuaj tua kab.
• Siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
• Thaum siv cov khoom no, xyuas kom koj muaj cua ntshiab txaus.
• Pov tseg cov thawv uas tsis tau siv lossis cov thawv uas tsis tshua siv lawm kom zoo; yuav kom ntau uas koj yuav siv sai sai no.
• Khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tsiaj.
• Tsis txhob sib tov cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsuas yog tias muaj lus qhia nyob rau ntawm daim ntawv lo xwb.

Ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm daim ntawv lo kom zoo zoo.

Cov khoom uas muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij feem ntau muaj cov lus ceeb toom uas tsom mus rau kev txo qhov kev raug rau tus neeg siv. Piv txwv li, yog tias daim ntawv lo hais tias kom siv cov khoom no rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj cua nkag tau zoo, mus rau sab nraum zoov lossis rau hauv thaj chaw uas muaj lub kiv cua kom siv nws. Txwv tsis pub, qhib qhov rais kom muaj cua sab nraum zoov ntau tshaj plaws.

Pov tseg cov thawv uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg qub lossis cov tshuaj tsis tsim nyog uas puv ib nrab kom zoo.

Vim tias cov pa roj tuaj yeem xau txawm tias los ntawm cov thawv kaw, cov kauj ruam no tuaj yeem pab txo cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv koj lub tsev. (Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov khoom koj txiav txim siab khaws cia tsis yog khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw muaj cua zoo xwb tab sis kuj tseem nyob deb ntawm cov menyuam yaus.) Tsis txhob pov tseg cov khoom tsis xav tau no rau hauv lub thoob khib nyiab xwb. Nrhiav seb koj tsoomfwv hauv zos lossis ib lub koom haum hauv koj lub zej zog puas txhawb nqa cov hnub tshwj xeeb rau kev sau cov khib nyiab hauv tsev uas muaj tshuaj lom. Yog tias muaj cov hnub zoo li no, siv lawv los pov tseg cov thawv tsis xav tau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Yog tias tsis muaj cov hnub sau zoo li no, xav txog kev npaj ib qho.

Yuav tsawg tsawg xwb.

Yog koj siv cov khoom tsuas yog qee zaum lossis raws caij nyoog xwb, xws li xim pleev, tshuaj pleev xim thiab roj kerosene rau lub tshuab cua sov lossis roj av rau lub tshuab txiav nyom, yuav tsuas yog ntau npaum li koj yuav siv tam sim ntawd.

Txo kom tsawg kawg nkaus kev raug cov pa phem los ntawm cov khoom uas muaj methylene chloride.

Cov khoom siv uas muaj methylene chloride suav nrog cov tshuaj pleev xim, cov tshuaj tshem cov nplaum thiab cov xim tsuag aerosol. Methylene chloride paub tias ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov tsiaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, methylene chloride hloov mus ua carbon monoxide hauv lub cev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog kev raug carbon monoxide. Nyeem cov ntawv lo uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv txog kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov lus ceeb toom txog kev siv cov khoom no kom raug. Siv cov khoom uas muaj methylene chloride sab nraum zoov thaum ua tau; siv sab hauv tsev tsuas yog tias thaj chaw muaj cua zoo.

Txo qhov kev raug benzene kom tsawg kawg nkaus.

Benzene yog ib yam tshuaj carcinogen uas paub tias yog rau tib neeg. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau nyob hauv tsev yog:

• pa luam yeeb ib puag ncig
• cov roj khaws cia
• cov khoom siv pleev xim
• cov pa phem ntawm lub tsheb hauv cov chaw nres tsheb txuas nrog

Cov kev ua uas yuav txo qhov kev raug benzene suav nrog:

• tshem tawm kev haus luam yeeb hauv tsev
• muab qhov cua nkag siab tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm pleev xim
• pov tseg cov khoom siv xim thiab cov roj tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsis siv tam sim ntawd

Txo kom tsawg kawg nkaus rau kev raug cov pa roj perchloroethylene los ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab uas tau ntxuav qhuav.

Perchloroethylene yog cov tshuaj siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev ntxuav khaub ncaws qhuav. Hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj, nws tau pom tias ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov tsiaj. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tau tias tib neeg ua pa tsawg ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv tsev uas khaws cov khoom ntxuav khaub ncaws qhuav thiab thaum lawv hnav khaub ncaws ntxuav khaub ncaws qhuav. Cov tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws qhuav rov qab tau cov perchloroethylene thaum lub sijhawm ntxuav khaub ncaws qhuav kom lawv tuaj yeem txuag tau nyiaj los ntawm kev siv nws dua, thiab lawv tshem tawm ntau cov tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm nias thiab ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws qhuav tsis tshem tawm ntau perchloroethylene li sai tau txhua lub sijhawm.

Kev ua cov kauj ruam los txo koj qhov kev raug tshuaj no yog qhov ua tib zoo.

• Yog tias cov khoom ntxuav qhuav muaj ntxhiab tshuaj lom neeg heev thaum koj tuaj tos, tsis txhob txais lawv kom txog thaum lawv qhuav lawm.
• Yog tias cov khoom muaj ntxhiab tshuaj lom neeg raug xa rov qab rau koj tom qab koj mus xyuas, sim siv lwm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws qhuav.

 

Los ntawm https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/volatile-organic-compounds-impact-indoor-air-quality